Innovative Technologies to Combat Food Waste

Food waste is one of the most critical global issues, with significant economic, social, and environmental repercussions. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, approximately one-third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted each year. To address this challenge, emerging technologies are playing a crucial role in minimizing waste throughout the food supply chain. Below, we explore how the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain are transforming the way we manage and reduce food waste.

Internet of Things (IoT):

• Real-Time Monitoring: IoT devices enable continuous tracking of food storage and transport conditions. Smart sensors can monitor temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors that affect product shelf life, ensuring that food is kept in optimal conditions.
• Inventory Management: Integrating IoT into inventory management allows companies to track stock levels in real-time and predict when restocking is needed, preventing both overstocking and shortages.

Big Data and Analytics:

• Predictive Analysis: Analyzing large volumes of data allows for more accurate forecasting of food product demand. This helps producers and retailers better plan their production and purchasing levels, reducing the risk of surplus that could end up wasted.
• Supply Chain Optimization: Real-time data on supply chain performance can identify inefficiencies and areas for improvement, helping to reduce losses during transport and storage.

Artificial Intelligence (AI):

• Production Optimization: AI can analyze historical demand patterns and external factors like weather to optimize agricultural production. This helps farmers grow just the right amount of produce, avoiding overproduction and waste.
• Smart Inventory Management: AI algorithms can predict which products are at risk of perishing and suggest discounts or donations to prevent them from being wasted.

Blockchain:

• Traceability and Transparency: Blockchain technology provides an immutable record of every step in the supply chain, from production to the end consumer. This enables complete traceability of food products, ensuring they are kept in proper conditions and reducing the risk of waste due to quality issues.
• Logistics Efficiency: The transparency provided by blockchain in the supply chain facilitates better coordination between producers, distributors, and retailers, optimizing delivery times and reducing losses.

1. Walmart and Blockchain: Walmart has implemented blockchain technology to track the origin of fresh products, such as mangoes and pork. This initiative has improved traceability and reduced the time needed to trace a product from days to seconds, helping to prevent waste in case of product recalls.
2. IBM Food Trust: This platform uses blockchain to connect different actors in the food supply chain, improving transparency and traceability. The platform helps reduce waste by ensuring that food maintains its quality and safety throughout the supply chain.
3. Apeel Sciences: Using technology based on natural materials, Apeel Sciences has developed an edible coating applied to fruits and vegetables to extend their shelf life. This innovation significantly reduces waste in supermarkets and households.

• Collaboration Among Supply Chain Actors: Promoting collaboration and information sharing between producers, distributors, and retailers is crucial to maximize the benefits of emerging technologies.
• Training and Awareness: Investing in employee training for the use and maintenance of these technologies is essential. Additionally, raising awareness about the importance of reducing food waste can drive faster and more effective adoption.
• Supportive Policies and Incentives: Governments and organizations can play a significant role by providing incentives and support for adopting food waste reduction technologies, promoting more sustainable practices throughout the supply chain.

Adopting technologies such as IoT, Big Data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain is revolutionizing the food industry, offering innovative solutions to reduce food waste throughout the supply chain. These technologies not only improve operational efficiency but also enhance transparency, traceability, and food safety. By implementing effective strategies and fostering collaboration, the food industry can move towards a more sustainable and responsible future, minimizing food waste and its environmental impact.